Card Network References
Reason codes and rules for Visa, Mastercard, Amex, and Discover
Mastercard Chargeback Guide — Merchant Edition
Mastercard's chargeback reference covering processing cycles, cardholder dispute and fraud reason codes, second presentment, arbitration, supporting-document rules, and regional appendices.
12 min read
Visa Core Rules and Visa Product and Service Rules
Visa's main network rulebook covering participation rules, transaction processing, and the dispute framework.
10 min read
American Express Disputes Reference Guide
American Express merchant-facing guide for responding to disputes and managing documentation.
8 min read
Complete Dispute Reason Codes — All Card Networks (2026)
Full reference of active chargeback reason codes for Visa, Mastercard, American Express, and Discover with category breakdowns, timelines, and practical tips.
15 min read